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Transient Thermal Energy Harvesting at a Single Temperature Using Nonlinearity.

Tamzeed B Amin1, James M Mangum1, Md R Kabir2

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers theoretically demonstrate transient thermal energy harvesting using nonlinear circuits with diodes. Higher quality diodes yield more stored charge, but harvesting is temporary and requires capacitor disconnection before discharge.

Keywords:
Fokker–PlanckIto–Langevindiode nonlinearityenergy harvestingstochastic simulationsstorage capacitortransient dynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear circuit analysis
  • Thermodynamics
  • Energy harvesting

Background:

  • Investigating methods for harvesting thermal energy.
  • Exploring the role of nonlinear components in energy conversion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically study two nonlinear circuits for transient thermal energy harvesting.
  • To analyze the impact of diode quality and capacitance on energy harvesting.

Main Methods:

  • Solving Ito-Langevin and Fokker-Planck equations.
  • Utilizing a large parameter space including capacitance and diode quality.
  • Theoretical modeling of series and full-wave rectifier circuits.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated transient thermal energy harvesting at a single temperature using diodes.
  • Observed that higher quality diodes result in greater stored charge and longer lifetimes.
  • Confirmed that capacitor charge is zero at equilibrium, satisfying the second law of thermodynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Nonlinear circuits with diodes can achieve transient thermal energy harvesting.
  • Effective harvesting requires charging capacitors and then disconnecting them before discharge.
  • Diode nonlinearity is key to harvesting ambient thermal energy, albeit transiently.