A New Waveform to Solve the Ghosting of BWR EPD

The BWR (Black-White-Red) electronic paper display has the advantage of low power consumption and offers a paper-like reading experience. However, refreshing images between black and red can easily produce ghosting images. In this article, a new driving waveform is proposed, in which classic black, white, and red particles are modeled as spheres, and the Com state is introduced as a renewal element because the motion of the sphere particles must ensure momentum conservation in the BWR EPD (Electrophoresis Display) during electronic field removal. Additionally, we adopted the concepts of gradual iteration and successive promotion in the new driving waveform based on the principles of electrophoretic particle displays and combined the momentum and inertia theorem with Stokes Law. A large number of experimental data confirmed that not only was the ghosting value optimized appreciably to below 0.5, but the actual ghosting performance has been significantly improved, especially for black and red images.