Association Between Area-Level Deprivation and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors Among the Adult Population in Russia

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Epidemiology
• Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

• Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the primary cause of mortality in Russia.
• Area-level deprivation is a significant, yet understudied, factor in CVD risk.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between socio-economic and environmental deprivation in residential areas and cardiovascular disease risk factors in the Russian adult population.
• To analyze these associations separately for men and women.

Main Methods:

• Utilized generalized estimating equations to analyze area-level data.
• Examined links between socio-economic and environmental deprivation and CVD risk factors.
• Considered individual characteristics in the analysis.

Main Results:

• Higher odds of obesity (OR 1.61), chronic kidney disease (OR 2.32), hyperuricemia (OR 1.57), and diabetes mellitus (OR 1.80) were observed in economically deprived areas.
• Individuals in environmentally deprived areas showed increased odds of hypertension (OR 1.37), consistent for both men and women.
• Significant associations persisted across different deprivation levels and genders.

Conclusions:

• This study is the first to link area characteristics with cardio-metabolic risk factors in Russia, considering individual factors.
• Area-level socio-economic and environmental factors are critical determinants of cardiovascular health.
• Findings underscore the need for targeted public health interventions in deprived areas to mitigate CVD risk.