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Biofunctionalization of Magnetic Nanomaterials
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Polymer-Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles for Targeted Quercetin Delivery: A Potential Strategy for Colon Cancer

Júlia Borges de Macedo1, Julia Narayana Schoroeder Bueno1, Carla Cristine Kanunfre2

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ponta Grossa State University (UEPG), Ponta Grossa 84030-900, PR, Brazil.

Pharmaceutics
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This study developed magnetic nanoparticles coated with chitosan and folate-chitosan for targeted quercetin delivery in colon cancer. The novel nanoparticles demonstrated enhanced drug efficacy and reduced toxicity, highlighting their potential in cancer therapy.

Keywords:
cancer therapycytotoxicitydrug deliveryfolate chitosanmagnetic drug targetingmanganese ferritesurface functionalization

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Cancer Therapeutics

Background:

  • Nanoparticle-based drug delivery enhances conventional colon cancer treatment by improving pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and reducing toxicity.
  • Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) offer potential for magnetothermal therapy, inducing tumor cell death via external magnetic fields.
  • Chitosan (CS) and folate-chitosan (FA-CS) coatings can improve MNP stability and targeting for drug delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop chitosan (CS) and folate-chitosan (FA-CS)-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) for enhanced quercetin (Q) delivery.
  • To improve the stability and targeting of MNP systems for colon cancer treatment.
  • To evaluate the pharmacokinetic and cytotoxic effects of quercetin-loaded MNP.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of folate-chitosan (FA-CS) and subsequent polymer-functionalized MNP production.
  • Utilized a 3^2 factorial design to optimize MNP formulations for quercetin loading.
  • Characterization included particle size, Zeta potential, drug loading efficiency, dissolution, and cytotoxicity assays (HCT-116 cells).

Main Results:

  • Optimized MNP formulations exhibited hydrodynamic diameters of ~122 nm and positive Zeta potentials of ~+30 mV.
  • High loading efficiencies were achieved: 80.45% for MNP-CS-Q and 54.4% for MNP-FA-CS-Q.
  • Quercetin-loaded MNP showed significantly enhanced dose-dependent antitumor effects compared to free quercetin in HCT-116 cells.

Conclusions:

  • Developed quercetin-loaded MNP (chitosan and folate-chitosan coated) demonstrate significant antitumor potential for colon cancer.
  • The study highlights the contribution of biomedical nanotechnology to cancer therapy through targeted drug delivery.
  • Experimental design facilitated the identification of critical manufacturing variables and optimal parameters for MNP formulation.