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Updated: May 10, 2025
Growth, Purification, and Titration of Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus
Published on: May 13, 2021
Advances in the Drug Development and Quality Evaluation Principles of Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus
Basma Eid Abdullah Ghorab1,2,3,4, Tongtan Liu1,2,3,4, Min Ying2,4,5
1Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
Abstract:
Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) represents a promising therapeutic approach to treating cancers by virtue of its selective replication in and lysis of tumor cells, with stimulation of host antitumor immunity. At present, four OV drugs have been approved for the treatment of cancers worldwide, two of which are oHSV drugs that have received extensive attention, known as T-VEC and Delytact. This review discusses the history, mechanism of action, clinical development, quality control, and evaluation principles of oHSV products, including viral species and genetic modifications that have improved these products' therapeutic potential, limitations, and future directions. Integration of oHSVs with immunotherapeutic agents and conventional therapies has a promising future in the field of treatment of malignant tumors. Although much progress has been achieved, there is still much work to be done regarding the optimization of treatment protocols and the quality control of oncolytic virus drugs. The approval of various oncolytic virus therapies underlines their clinical relevance, safety, and efficacy, thereby paving the way for further research aimed at overcoming the existing limitations and enhancing patient responses.
Insights
Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) therapies offer a promising cancer treatment by selectively destroying tumor cells and boosting immunity. Ongoing research focuses on optimizing protocols and quality control for these oncolytic virus drugs.
Area of Science:
- Oncolytic virotherapy
- Cancer immunotherapy
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV) research
Background:
- Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) demonstrates potential in cancer treatment through selective tumor cell lysis and immune stimulation.
- Two oHSV drugs, T-VEC and Delytact, have gained significant attention, with four oncolytic virus (OV) drugs approved globally.
- Advancements in viral species and genetic modifications enhance the therapeutic efficacy of oHSV products.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the history, mechanism of action, and clinical development of oHSV products.
- To discuss quality control, evaluation principles, and limitations of current oHSV therapies.
- To explore future directions, including integration with other cancer treatments.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of oHSV history, mechanism, and clinical trials.
- Analysis of genetic modifications and viral species impacting oHSV efficacy.
- Examination of quality control and evaluation standards for oHSV drugs.
Main Results:
- oHSV therapies exhibit selective tumor cell targeting and induction of antitumor immunity.
- Approved oHSV drugs like T-VEC and Delytact highlight clinical relevance, safety, and efficacy.
- Integration strategies with immunotherapy and conventional treatments show promise for malignant tumors.
Conclusions:
- oHSV represents a significant advancement in cancer therapy, with approved drugs demonstrating clinical success.
- Further optimization of treatment protocols and stringent quality control are crucial for oHSV drug development.
- Continued research is essential to overcome limitations and improve patient responses to oncolytic virotherapy.
