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Uncertainty Analysis of Fiber Optic Shape Sensing Under Core Failure
Francesco Falcetelli1,2, Leonardo Rossi2, Raffaella Di Sante1
1Department of Industrial Engineering-DIN, University of Bologna, 47121 Forlì, Italy.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 26, 2025
Summary
Optical fiber shape sensing cables can still reconstruct shapes even with fiber core failures. Increasing the number of sensing cores, especially from four to five, significantly improves performance and reduces uncertainty in shape sensing.
Area of Science:
- Metrology
- Optical Fiber Sensing
- Sensor Technology
Background:
- Shape sensing with optical fiber sensors is a rapidly advancing field.
- Fiber core failures pose a significant challenge to the reliability of shape sensing cables.
- Cable replacement is often impractical due to technological and economic limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the metrological performance of shape sensing cables after fiber core failure.
- To quantify the impact of core failure on shape reconstruction accuracy.
- To investigate mitigation strategies for performance degradation.
Main Methods:
- Monte Carlo simulations were employed to compare pristine and damaged optical fiber cables.
- Uncertainty in curvature and bending angle was quantified.
- The propagation of measurement noise into 3D shape reconstruction uncertainty was simulated.
- Performance was analyzed for specific shapes like circles and helices.
Main Results:
- Fiber core failure degrades shape sensing performance but does not prevent reconstruction.
- Reconstruction accuracy becomes sensitive to bending direction due to loss of core symmetry.
- Increasing the number of sensing cores, particularly from four to five, substantially mitigates performance loss.
- Shape reconstruction remains feasible even with damaged sensing elements.
Conclusions:
- Shape sensing is achievable despite fiber core damage, though with altered characteristics.
- Multi-core fiber designs offer enhanced resilience against core failures.
- Understanding failure modes is crucial for reliable optical fiber shape sensing applications.
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