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Revisiting Wireless Cyberattacks on Vehicles
Roberto Gesteira-Miñarro1, Gregorio López1, Rafael Palacios1,2
1Institute for Research in Technology, Comillas Pontifical University, 28015 Madrid, Spain.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 26, 2025
Summary
Modern vehicles face increasing cybersecurity threats due to advanced digital technologies and wireless connectivity. This study analyzes vehicle attack surfaces, highlighting risks and research gaps to improve automotive cybersecurity for connected and autonomous vehicles.
Area of Science:
- Automotive Engineering
- Cybersecurity
- Information Technology
Background:
- The automotive industry faces escalating cyber threats as vehicles become more digitized and interconnected.
- New regulations mandate robust cybersecurity measures for vehicle certification.
- Modern vehicles present a broad attack surface due to numerous electronic components and wireless features.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive analysis of the attack surface in modern vehicles.
- To focus on security risks associated with wireless communication technologies in vehicles.
- To identify key research gaps and guide future investigations in vehicle cybersecurity.
Main Methods:
- Detailed examination of various wireless communication technologies used in vehicles.
- Review of existing research on vulnerabilities and countermeasures for each technology.
- Identification and analysis of current security gaps in automotive cyber defense.
Main Results:
- Analysis reveals significant security risks linked to wireless communication technologies in vehicles.
- Existing vulnerabilities and potential countermeasures for each examined technology are detailed.
- Key areas requiring further research to enhance automotive cybersecurity are identified.
Conclusions:
- Enhanced cybersecurity measures are crucial for connected, autonomous, and smart vehicles.
- Addressing identified research gaps is essential for future vehicle security.
- This study provides a foundation for developing more secure automotive systems against evolving cyber threats.
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