Integrating Complex Permittivity Measurements with Histological Analysis for Advanced Tissue Characterization

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Pathology
• Electrical Engineering

Background:

• Complex permittivity measurements offer a non-invasive method for tissue analysis.
• Histological features are crucial for accurate tissue characterization.
• Integrating these two methods can enhance diagnostic capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish a reliable method correlating complex permittivity measurements with specific histological features.
• To investigate the association between electrical properties and tissue composition.
• To explore the potential of in situ complex permittivity for pathology workflows.

Main Methods:

• Measured complex permittivity of 148 fresh human tissue samples across 14 types (200 MHz–20 GHz) using an open-ended coaxial probe.
• Collected tissue via punch biopsy, ensuring measurement area matched histological sampling.
• Processed samples into formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks for histological analysis.

Main Results:

• Complex permittivity values strongly correlated with histological features like fat content, necrosis, and fibrosis.
• Most tissue samples with distinct histological features were differentiable based on their permittivity values.
• The method accounted for statistical variability and instrumental uncertainties.

Conclusions:

• Complex permittivity is a valuable tool for fresh tissue characterization in pathology.
• This research provides a foundation for databases linking permittivity to histology for precise correlations.
• In situ complex permittivity measurements can potentially improve pathology workflows and diagnostics.