Anti-HIV Activity of Tigliane Derivatives from Euphorbia nicaeensis Roots

Five previously undescribed tigliane diterpenes (1-4 and 7), along with three known tiglianes (5, 6, and 8) were isolated from the root extract of Euphorbia nicaeensis using chromatographic techniques. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined using spectroscopic techniques. The isolated compounds were tested for anti-HIV activity against HIV-1 NL4.3 and HIV-2 ROD strains. Two derivatives (2 and 8) exhibited significant anti-HIV activity, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 1.10 to 7.47 µM. This study highlights the potential of E. nicaeensis root as a source of novel bioactive tigliane derivatives, warranting further investigation for possible use in HIV treatment.