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Recent Progress in Dimerized Small-Molecular Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells.

Xin Tang¹, Yamin Zhang¹, Hao-Li Zhang¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design (MOE), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

|April 26, 2025

Summary

Dimerized small-molecule acceptors (DSMAs) enhance organic solar cell (OSC) stability and efficiency due to their defined structures and suppressed diffusion. This review details DSMA configurations and connection sites, guiding future high-performance OSC development.

Keywords:

dimerized small-molecular acceptor efficiency organic solar cells stability

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Organic Electronics
Photovoltaics

Background:

Organic solar cells (OSCs) are advancing rapidly, driven by material innovations.
Dimerized small-molecule acceptors (DSMAs) offer improved optoelectronic properties and stability over traditional materials.
DSMAs provide structural definition, enhancing device reproducibility compared to polymers.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent progress in DSMAs for OSC applications.
To analyze the impact of different linkage configurations (conjugative, non-conjugative) and connection positions on DSMA properties.
To highlight DSMAs' role in overcoming key OSC challenges like stability and efficiency.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of literature on DSMAs in OSCs.
Analysis of structure-property relationships based on linkage types and connection sites.
Evaluation of DSMA impact on molecular packing, optoelectronic properties, and device performance.

Main Results:

DSMAs inherit excellent optoelectronic properties from monomers.
Larger molecular weight of DSMAs suppresses diffusion, enhancing active layer stability.
Well-defined DSMA structures ensure high device reproducibility.

Conclusions:

DSMAs are crucial for improving OSC stability and efficiency.
Rational design of DSMAs, considering linkage and connection sites, is key for high-performance devices.
Further research into DSMAs will accelerate the commercial viability of OSCs.