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The effects of childhood adversity: Two specific neural patterns
Linlin Yan1, Eline J Kraaijenvanger2, Ricardo Wennekers1
1Department of Medical Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
|April 26, 2025
Summary
Childhood adversity (CA) alters brain function, impacting emotion and motor networks. This research identifies specific neural pathways linking CA to mental health vulnerability.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Childhood adversity (CA) increases psychopathology risk.
- Altered brain function is a key link between CA and mental vulnerability.
- Previous research suggests CA affects emotion, reward, and cognitive control processing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of CA on functional brain activations.
- To identify CA-related neural and functional networks.
- To characterize the psychological processes associated with these networks.
Main Methods:
- Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies.
- Studies focused on emotion processing, cognitive control, and reward processing tasks.
- Meta-Analytic Connectivity Modeling (MACM) and functional decoding were used.
Main Results:
- Significant CA-related activation convergences were found in the left amygdala and insula.
- Two distinct networks emerged: an amygdala-centered emotion processing network and an insula-centered somatomotor network.
- These findings highlight CA's effect on sensory-motor and emotion processing networks.
Conclusions:
- Childhood adversity shapes distinct neural and functional networks.
- These networks are involved in emotion and somatomotor processing.
- The study provides neurobiological insights into the effects of CA.
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