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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Survival Analysis01:21

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Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 10, 2025

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery
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Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Outcomes.

Meng-Han Tsai1,2, Dariush Shahsavari3, Jie Chen4

  • 1Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, HS-1705, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA. metsai@augusta.edu.

Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
|April 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Racial and ethnic minorities, particularly non-Hispanic Black patients, face worse survival rates and later diagnosis for early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC). Targeted primary care communication may improve early detection and outcomes for these groups.

Keywords:
AgeHistologic typesRace/ethnicitySurvivalTumor characteristics

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Limited research exists on early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) tumor characteristics and outcomes across diverse racial/ethnic groups, especially in non-US populations.
  • Existing studies often focus on single healthcare centers, potentially limiting generalizability.
  • Understanding disparities in EO-CRC is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between five racial/ethnic groups (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, American Indian/Alaskan Native, Asian/Pacific Islanders, Hispanic) and EO-CRC tumor characteristics.
  • To investigate the association of these racial/ethnic groups with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) death.
  • To identify potential disparities in EO-CRC diagnosis and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort analysis utilizing data from the 2006-2020 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program.
  • Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models to assess survival.
  • Logistical regression models to evaluate associations with tumor characteristics and stage at diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) patients had the lowest 5-year survival rate (64.8%) compared to other groups (p < 0.001).
  • NHB, Asian/Pacific Islander (PI), and Hispanic patients were more likely to be diagnosed at a late stage and had an increased risk of CRC death (9-37%) compared to non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients (p < 0.05).
  • Specific disparities included higher odds of right-sided CRC in NHB patients (OR, 1.52), high pathological grading in Asian/PI patients (OR, 1.15), and MAC/SC subtype in Hispanic patients (OR, 1.25).

Conclusions:

  • Significant racial and ethnic disparities exist in early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) outcomes and tumor characteristics.
  • Patient-centered communication strategies tailored to minority needs within primary care may enhance early detection and improve outcomes.
  • Interventions should prioritize younger populations and racial/ethnic minorities to address identified disparities.