Diagnostic Category: Suspicious for Malignancy

The suspicious for malignancy category is used by pathologists to indicate a certain degree of uncertainty but is still able to convey to the treating physician a risk stratification of the deferred diagnosis. The category of suspicious for malignancy can be used in a vast possibility of cytomorphological features and clinical scenarios. Suspicious for malignancy is often used when there is an insufficient number of neoplastic cells for the establishment of a final diagnosis, but in many situations, the number of suspicious cells may be abundant but discrepant with the clinical presentation. In addition, the pathologist must be aware of the many mimickers of malignancy that, when present, may prompt the use of the category. Therefore, there is a need for better illustrations of the use of the category, its pitfalls and suggestions on when the category of suspicious for malignancy can be upgraded for a more definite diagnosis using ancillary studies, even in scant material.