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Stage-specific gait deviations in individuals with hip osteoarthritis
Ransi S S Subasinghe Arachchige1, Maria Constantinou2, Yi Man Yeung3
1Human Movement Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia.
Gait & Posture
|April 27, 2025
Summary
Biomechanical analysis reveals distinct gait patterns in hip osteoarthritis (OA). Early stance hip adduction moment (HAM) can differentiate OA severity, aiding in early detection and targeted interventions for improved outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Orthopedics
- Gait Analysis
Background:
- Hip osteoarthritis (OA) significantly impacts mobility and quality of life.
- Understanding stage-specific biomechanical alterations is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate biomechanical differences across hip OA severity stages.
- To identify potential gait markers for disease progression.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 30 participants (controls, early-to-moderate OA, moderate-to-severe OA).
- Analysis of spatiotemporal, kinematic, and kinetic gait parameters.
- Correlation of biomechanical data with Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS).
Main Results:
- Moderate-to-severe hip OA showed significantly reduced gait speed, cadence, step/stride length, and hip/knee moments, with increased step width.
- Early-to-moderate hip OA also exhibited reduced gait speed, step/stride length, and hip flexion moment compared to controls.
- Early stance hip adduction moment (HAM) differed significantly between OA stages and correlated with HOOS scores.
Conclusions:
- Early stance HAM is a potential biomechanical marker to distinguish hip OA stages.
- Monitoring HAM may facilitate early diagnosis and personalized interventions to optimize gait and improve patient outcomes.
