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Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

114
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
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Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) are grounded in the belief that our thoughts profoundly influence our emotions and actions. Advocates of CBT emphasize three core assumptions: first, that cognitions are identifiable and measurable; second, that they are central to psychological functioning; and third, that irrational or maladaptive beliefs can be replaced with rational and adaptive ones. This transformative approach to therapy has paved the way for specific models such as Albert...
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Cognitive Therapy01:25

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Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

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Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
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Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

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Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
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Using computational models of learning to advance cognitive behavioral therapy.

Isabel M Berwian1, Peter Hitchock2, Sashank Pisupati3,4

  • 1Princeton Neuroscience Institute & Psychology Department, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA. iberwian@princeton.edu.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psychotherapy interventions can be formalized as computational learning models to better understand how they work. This approach integrates learning algorithms with cognitive behavioral therapy for improved intervention research.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Computer Science

Background:

  • Psychotherapy interventions are effective but their mechanisms of change remain poorly understood.
  • Early therapies like exposure therapy were based on learning principles.
  • Recent advances in computational learning models offer new opportunities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose formalizing psychotherapy interventions as computational learning models.
  • To bridge the gap between learning theory and psychotherapy practice.
  • To enhance understanding of mechanisms of change in psychotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing literature on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), including exposure therapy and cognitive restructuring.
  • Introducing computational models of reinforcement learning and representation learning.
  • Mapping learning algorithms to the change processes in CBT interventions.

Main Results:

  • A framework for understanding psychotherapy through computational learning models is proposed.
  • Specific learning algorithms are mapped to mechanisms underlying exposure therapy and cognitive restructuring.
  • The potential for computational psychotherapy to advance intervention research is highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • Formalizing psychotherapy as computational learning models can elucidate mechanisms of change.
  • This interdisciplinary approach can inform and refine psychotherapy interventions.
  • Future research can leverage computational models for theory-driven psychotherapy development.