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Intraductal Injection of LPS as a Mouse Model of Mastitis: Signaling Visualized via an NF-κB Reporter Transgenic

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Research Progress of Plasma Cell Mastitis.

Zhebin Liang¹, Lifeng Zhang¹

¹Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Immunity, Inflammation and Disease

|April 28, 2025

Summary

Plasma cell mastitis (PCM) is a chronic breast inflammation often misdiagnosed as cancer. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial, but differentiating PCM from granulomatous mastitis (GLM) remains challenging.

Keywords:

IL‐6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway granulomatous mastitis mammary duct ectasia plasma cell mastitis

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Area of Science:

Breast health
Inflammatory diseases
Pathology

Background:

Plasma cell mastitis (PCM), or mammary duct ectasia, is a chronic inflammatory condition.
Characterized by duct dilation and plasma cell infiltration, PCM presents with nonspecific symptoms.
Frequent misdiagnosis as breast cancer complicates patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in understanding PCM.
To focus on etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment.
To clarify differential diagnostic points with granulomatous mastitis (GLM).

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent studies on PCM.
Analysis of clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic options.
Inclusion of comparative studies differentiating PCM and GLM.

Main Results:

Enhanced understanding of PCM's clinical and pathological features.
Distinguishing PCM from GLM remains challenging due to overlapping presentations.
An integrated diagnostic approach is recommended for improved accuracy.

Conclusions:

Further research into PCM pathogenesis is needed.
Development of precise diagnostic criteria and effective treatments is essential.
Improved diagnostic accuracy will enhance patient prognosis and reduce misdiagnosis.