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Highly sensitive microdisk laser sensor for refractive index sensing via periodic meta-hole patterning.

Haerin Jeong1, Nu-Ri Park1, Byoung Jun Park1

  • 1KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.

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Summary

This study introduces a novel microdisk laser sensor with meta-hole patterning, significantly boosting sensitivity for on-chip optical sensing. The design enhances analyte interaction for improved performance in miniaturized sensors.

Keywords:
meta-hole patterningmetasurfacemicrodisk laser sensoron-chip optical sensorwhispering gallery mode (WGM)

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Optical Sensing

Background:

  • Microdisk lasers offer compact on-chip optical sensing but struggle with analyte interaction due to confined energy.
  • Conventional designs limit the effectiveness of microdisk lasers in sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel microdisk laser sensor with meta-hole patterning to enhance external analyte interaction.
  • To improve the sensitivity of on-chip optical sensors while maintaining whispering gallery mode (WGM) integrity.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of InGaAsP microdisk lasers with periodic meta-hole patterning.
  • Analysis of WGM stability and resonant wavelength shifts with varying meta-hole dimensions.
  • Experimental validation of patterned microdisk laser sensor performance and sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • Simulations confirmed WGM stability in patterned microdisk lasers with meta-holes (period a = 340 nm, diameter d < 0.4a).
  • Meta-hole patterning increased sensor sensitivity up to 100.8 nm/RIU (2.26-fold enhancement).
  • Experimental results showed a 2.02-fold sensitivity enhancement (74.5 nm/RIU) with a d/a ratio of 0.32.

Conclusions:

  • Periodic meta-hole patterning is an effective strategy to enhance the sensitivity of microdisk laser sensors.
  • This advancement enables high-performance, miniaturized on-chip optical sensing technologies.
  • The novel design holds potential for next-generation integrated sensing platforms.