Gender disparities, prognostic indicators, and survival differences in pulmonary typical carcinoid: a SEER database...

Typical carcinoid is a subtype of neuroendocrine neoplasia of the lung making up <1% of all lung cancers and 2% of resected lung tumors. This study assessed the impact of demographic features, racial and gender disparities, and tumor characteristics on survival in patients with typical carcinoid tumors.

Data were extracted from the SEER database from 2000 to 2018. Multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to analyze the survival based on demographic and clinical factors.

We identified 11,713 cases of typical carcinoid tumors of the lungs. The mean age was 61.8 years (standard deviation, 14.7), and the tumors affected predominantly women (70.1%) and White (89.4%) individuals. The overall 5-year survival rate was 84.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 83.5-85.2). The 5-year survival rate for those treated with systemic therapy was 49.8% (95% CI 43.5-55.9). Those treated with surgery had a 5-year survival rate of 97.2% (95% CI 96.7-97.6), and those treated with radiation had a 5-year survival rate of 71.9% (95% CI 60.3-80.6). Combination therapy provided a survival rate of 86.9% (95% CI 64.6-95.6).

Surgery was the most common treatment modality and offered the best prognosis. On multivariate analysis, age >60, male gender, distant spread, and liver metastases were associated with worse prognosis.