Exploring Safety Outcomes Among Sanitary Workers in Punjab, Pakistan

Area of Science:

• Occupational Health
• Public Health
• Environmental Health

Background:

• Sanitary work is essential for municipal systems but often performed manually under hazardous conditions in Pakistan.
• Sanitary workers face significant health and safety risks due to unhygienic work environments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the safety outcomes and health challenges experienced by sanitary workers in Punjab, Pakistan.
• To identify the physical and psychological impacts of manual scavenging and waste management on workers' health.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative research approach utilizing focus group discussions (FGDs).
• Data collected from 19 sanitary workers and 2 managers across two waste management organizations.
• Thematic analysis of qualitative data to identify key health and safety concerns.

Main Results:

• While major injuries were minimal due to glove and mask use, workers reported frequent minor issues: skin allergies, burns, eye and respiratory infections, and cuts.
• Significant psychological challenges including fear of chronic illness, stress, and depression were reported.
• Demanding workloads were identified as a primary contributor to psychological distress.

Conclusions:

• Urgent need for improved occupational health policies and regulations for sanitary workers in Pakistan.
• Implementation of comprehensive health and safety measures is essential to mitigate adverse health effects and enhance worker well-being.
• Addressing both physical and mental health challenges is critical for the sanitary workforce.