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A Paradigm for Optimal Management: Traumatic Neck Injuries at a Tertiary Care Centre in South India
Ravindran Chirukandath1, Sumin V Sulaiman1, Tinu Sasi1
1General Surgery, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Thrissur, IND.
Cureus
|April 28, 2025
Summary
Traumatic neck injuries, particularly penetrating ones in Zone II, show high mortality. Early intervention and public health measures targeting alcohol consumption are crucial for improving outcomes in this critical emergency.
Area of Science:
- Trauma Surgery
- Emergency Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Traumatic neck injuries are critical emergencies due to vital structures in the cervical region.
- Both blunt and penetrating neck injuries pose significant diagnostic and management challenges.
- Despite advances, mortality and morbidity remain high, especially in resource-limited settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze patterns, management, and outcomes of traumatic neck injuries.
- To identify risk factors and common causes of neck trauma.
- To provide insights for improving trauma care in a South Indian tertiary center.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 72 patients (aged 13-79) from January 2022 to December 2024.
- Data collected from medical records, trauma registers, and operative reports.
- Assessment of demographics, injury type, location, management, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Blunt trauma (62%) was more common than penetrating trauma (38%), often from road accidents and falls.
- Penetrating Zone II injuries had the highest mortality (13%), frequently involving vascular damage.
- Complications included wound infections, pneumonia, and neurological deficits; alcohol consumption was linked to night-time injuries.
Conclusions:
- Penetrating neck injuries, especially in Zone II, carry a high mortality risk, aligning with global trends.
- Early airway management, rapid surgical intervention, and imaging triage are vital.
- Public health interventions addressing alcohol-related trauma and enhanced trauma systems are recommended.
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