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Tertiary Syphilis-Induced Ocular Syphilis Complicated by Retinal Detachment
Arslan Khan1, Stephen DiGiuseppe2, Moneeb Mustafa3
1Osteopathic Medicine, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Monroe, USA.
Cureus
|April 28, 2025
Summary
Tertiary syphilis can cause severe vision loss, including ocular syphilis and retinal detachment. Early diagnosis and penicillin treatment are crucial for preventing permanent vision impairment.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Neurology
Background:
- Tertiary syphilis is a late stage of syphilis infection that can manifest with diverse neurological and systemic complications.
- Ocular manifestations of syphilis, including ocular syphilis and retinal detachment, can lead to significant visual impairment.
Observation:
- A 28-year-old male presented with acute vision loss, eye pain, and blurriness in his left eye.
- The patient experienced a fall due to his visual disturbance, highlighting the severity of his condition.
Findings:
- Diagnostic workup, including clinical examination, lumbar puncture, and serological testing, confirmed tertiary syphilis.
- The patient was diagnosed with ocular syphilis complicated by retinal detachment.
Implications:
- Intravenous penicillin G was administered for treatment, leading to patient transfer for continued care.
- This case underscores the critical need for prompt recognition and management of ocular syphilis to prevent irreversible vision loss.
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