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Updated: May 10, 2025
Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria
Published on: May 8, 2013
Study on the Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infection, Antibiotic Resistance Pattern,
Z Hemmati1, A Soltani Borchaloee2, F Bazrafshan3
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
Abstract:
The global health situation is caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, which exhibit resistance to the majority of antibiotics. The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance make the treatment of these infections more complicated and intricate. The objective of this study was to investigate the mecA, blaZ, cna, and fnbA genes and the pattern of antibiotic resistance in S. aureus isolates obtained from different clinical samples. In this study, 78 strains of S. aureus were collected from different a variety of clinical specimens. The antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined via the disk agar diffusion method. The prevalence of the mecA, blaZ, cna, and fnbA genes and the antimicrobial resistance patterns exhibited by the isolates against 10 conventional antibiotic disks were evaluated in these isolates. The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software version 25. Of the 78 samples collected, 63 samples were found to contain the mecA gene representing a prevalence of (62.2%). A total 63 S. aureus isolates were examined, of which is present in 60 (95.2%) exhibited the blaZ gene and 51 (81%) exhibited the fnbA gene. The frequency of the cna gene was observed in 42 (66.7%) samples. Additionally, a significant correlation was identified between the cna and fnbA genes and gentamicin and tetracycline antibiotic resistance with (P<0.05). The antibiotic resistance pattern revealed that all the isolates exhibited resistance to oxacillin (100%), penicillin (95.2%), and demonstrated the least resistance to vancomycin (3.2%), and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (17.5%). In comparison to other studies conducted in Iran, our findings indicate an average prevalence of MRSA. However, the level of resistance to commonly used antibiotics in these isolates was considerable. In this situation, it is recommended to monitor antibiotic resistance in these hospitals and medical centers.
Insights
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains show high resistance to common antibiotics. This study identified key genes and antibiotic resistance patterns in clinical S. aureus isolates, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a significant global health threat due to widespread antibiotic resistance.
- The increasing complexity of treating MRSA infections necessitates a deeper understanding of resistance mechanisms and genetic factors.
- Investigating specific virulence and resistance genes in S. aureus is crucial for effective infection control strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of the mecA, blaZ, cna, and fnbA genes in clinical S. aureus isolates.
- To analyze the antibiotic resistance patterns of these S. aureus isolates against a panel of conventional antibiotics.
- To explore potential correlations between specific genes and observed antibiotic resistance profiles.
Main Methods:
- Collection of 78 S. aureus isolates from various clinical samples.
- Antibiotic susceptibility testing using the disk agar diffusion method.
- Molecular detection of mecA, blaZ, cna, and fnbA genes using PCR.
- Statistical analysis of gene prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns using SPSS version 25.
Main Results:
- The mecA gene was detected in 62.2% of isolates, confirming MRSA prevalence.
- High prevalence rates were observed for blaZ (95.2%), fnbA (81%), and cna (66.7%) genes.
- Significant correlations were found between cna/fnbA genes and resistance to gentamicin and tetracycline (P<0.05).
- All isolates were resistant to oxacillin (100%) and penicillin (95.2%), with lower resistance to vancomycin (3.2%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (17.5%).
Conclusions:
- The study indicates an average prevalence of MRSA in the studied Iranian population, with considerable resistance to commonly used antibiotics.
- The presence of specific genes like cna and fnbA is correlated with resistance to certain antibiotics, offering insights into resistance mechanisms.
- Continuous monitoring of antibiotic resistance patterns in clinical settings is essential for guiding treatment decisions and combating the spread of resistant strains.
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