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Related Concept Videos

Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

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Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
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Colloids03:22

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation01:20

Capillary Electrophoresis: Instrumentation

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Capillary electrophoresis instrumentation typically consists of several key components. A high-voltage power supply generates the electric field necessary for the separation by connecting to an anode (the positively charged electrode) and a cathode (the negatively charged electrode) located in buffer reservoirs at each end of the capillary tube. The system includes a sample vial, a fused silica capillary tube coated with polyimide for mechanical strength through which the sample components...
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Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube

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When very thin cylindrical tubes, called capillaries, are dipped in a liquid, the liquid rises or falls in the tube compared to the surrounding liquid. This phenomenon is called capillary action. Capillary action occurs due to the combination of two opposing forces: the cohesive forces of the liquid, which cause it to stick to itself and form a rounded shape, and the adhesive forces between the liquid and the walls of the container, which cause the liquid to be attracted to the container walls.
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Tunable Capillary Suspensions from Aqueous Two-Phase Systems.

Leonardo Ruiz-Martínez1, Frans Leermakers1, Simeon Stoyanov1,2

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Researchers created novel oil-free capillary suspensions using aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) of dextran and polyethylene glycol (PEG). These biocompatible gels offer tunable rheological properties for diverse applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Capillary suspensions, formed by adding a small amount of immiscible fluid to a suspension, create liquid bridges between particles, structuring the material.
  • Traditional capillary suspensions typically utilize oil-water systems, limiting their application in sensitive formulations.
  • Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS), formed by phase separation of hydrophilic polymers like dextran and polyethylene glycol (PEG), offer an alternative medium.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the formation of oil-free capillary suspensions in an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS).
  • To investigate the rheological properties and network formation of these novel suspensions.
  • To explore the potential applications of these biocompatible capillary suspensions.

Main Methods:

  • Formation of ATPS using dextran and polyethylene glycol (PEG).
  • Addition of a small amount of the PEG-rich phase to a dextran-rich phase containing silica particles.
  • Rheological characterization (storage modulus, yield stress) and visualization of capillary bridges using confocal microscopy.

Main Results:

  • Successful formation of self-standing silica particle gels in an oil-free ATPS.
  • Significant increase in storage modulus and tunable yield stress achieved despite ultralow interfacial tension.
  • Visualization confirmed the presence of capillary bridges stabilizing the network structure.

Conclusions:

  • Oil-free capillary suspensions can be effectively formed in ATPS, offering a new route for material structuring.
  • The rheological properties of these suspensions are tunable by adjusting the secondary phase volume.
  • The biocompatible nature of ATPS opens potential applications in biomedical, pharmaceutical, food, and personal care industries.