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Genotoxic consequences of viral infections
Olga Szewczyk-Roszczenko1, Piotr Roszczenko2, Yegor Vassetzky3
1Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Npj Viruses
|April 28, 2025
Summary
Viral infections can cause genotoxic stress, leading to harmful pathological consequences in humans. This review explores the mechanisms and effects of this viral-induced DNA damage.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Human Pathology
Background:
- Viral diseases pose ongoing global health risks due to pathogen evolution.
- Infections can result in multi-organ complications, influenced by viral factors and host immunity.
- Genotoxic stress is an emerging concern in viral pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms by which viral infections induce genotoxic stress.
- To examine the pathological consequences of viral genotoxicity in human health.
- To consolidate current understanding of this viral-host interaction.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of viral pathogenesis and genotoxicity studies.
- Analysis of molecular mechanisms linking viral replication to DNA damage.
- Synthesis of clinical and experimental data on viral disease outcomes.
Main Results:
- Viruses can induce genotoxic stress through various mechanisms, including direct DNA interaction and indirect oxidative stress.
- Genotoxic stress contributes to viral pathogenesis, potentially leading to mutations and cellular dysfunction.
- The impact of viral genotoxicity varies based on the specific virus and host factors.
Conclusions:
- Viral-induced genotoxic stress is a significant factor in human disease pathology.
- Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted antiviral therapies.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the long-term health implications.
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