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Engineering of Nucleobase-Functionalized Coassembled Hydrogel to Study Cellular Behavior.

Sourav Bhowmik¹, Arka Acharyya¹, Apurba K Das¹

¹Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India.

ACS Applied Bio Materials

|April 29, 2025

Summary

This study introduces a novel guanine-functionalized peptide hydrogel coassembled with guanosine. This biocompatible hydrogel supports cell growth and proliferation, offering a promising material for tissue engineering applications.

Keywords:

biocompatible cell adhesion cell proliferation coassembled hydrogel cytoskeletal staining

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Tissue Engineering
Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

Self-assembling peptide hydrogels offer biocompatibility and molecular diversity for tissue engineering.
Short peptides are advantageous but limited by potential toxicity and harsh gelation conditions.
Nucleobase-functionalized derivatives minimize cytotoxicity using naturally derived components.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and investigate a guanine-functionalized alanine derivative for coassembly with guanosine.
To characterize the structural properties, thermoreversibility, and biocompatibility of the resulting hydrogel.
To evaluate the hydrogel's potential for cell growth and proliferation in 2D cell cultures.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of a guanine-functionalized alanine derivative.
Coassembly with guanosine to form a hydrogel.
Characterization using circular dichroism and wide-angle powder X-ray diffraction.
Assessment of thermoreversibility and biocompatibility via MTT assay.
Cell culture studies with fibroblast McCoy and epithelial A549 cell lines, including live-dead imaging and Alamar Blue assay for proliferation.

Main Results:

Successful synthesis and coassembly of a guanine-functionalized peptide with guanosine into a hydrogel.
Evidence of nucleic acid secondary structure formation within the coassembled hydrogel.
Demonstration of the hydrogel's thermoreversible properties.
Positive biocompatibility indicated by MTT assay.
Support for fibroblast and epithelial cell growth and proliferation on the hydrogel.

Conclusions:

The guanine-functionalized peptide-guanosine coassembled hydrogel is structurally defined, thermoreversible, and biocompatible.
This novel hydrogel material effectively supports cell growth and proliferation.
The findings highlight the potential of nucleobase-functionalized peptide hydrogels for advanced tissue engineering applications.