Seasonality in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a systematic review

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Neurology
• Environmental Health

Background:

• Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a common cause of dizziness, affecting up to 2.4% of the population.
• The precise pathophysiology and risk factors for BPPV remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and analyze seasonal variations in BPPV occurrence.
• To investigate potential correlations between BPPV incidence and climatic variables including temperature, atmospheric pressure, solar exposure, and humidity.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed and Embase databases.
• Studies were included based on predefined criteria, adhering to PRISMA guidelines and assessed using the AXIS tool.

Main Results:

• Twelve studies involving 18,507 participants were analyzed.
• Nine studies indicated seasonal variation in BPPV, with a winter peak.
• Correlations suggested a negative link with temperature and solar exposure, and a positive link with atmospheric pressure; humidity showed no consistent correlation.

Conclusions:

• The literature suggests a seasonal pattern in BPPV, predominantly observed during winter months.
• Evidence points towards potential relationships between BPPV and climatic factors, although further research is needed to confirm these associations.