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Atopic dermatitis and lymphoma risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Yingjie Tian1,2, Yujin Li3,4,5, Yang Chen6,7
1Department of Hematology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Frontiers in Oncology
|April 29, 2025
Summary
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is linked to a significantly higher risk of lymphoma, especially severe cases. The risk is particularly elevated for T-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- The association between atopic dermatitis (AD) and lymphoma risk is a subject of ongoing debate.
- This systematic review aims to clarify the relationship between AD and the risk of developing lymphoma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically evaluate and quantify the risk of lymphoma in individuals with atopic dermatitis compared to those without the condition.
- To investigate if AD severity influences lymphoma risk.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to August 11, 2024.
- Included observational studies reporting lymphoma risk estimates for AD patients were pooled using a random-effects model to calculate odds ratios (OR) and relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
- PROSPERO registration: CRD42024577019.
Main Results:
- Thirteen studies from 2,366 screened articles confirmed a significant association between AD and increased lymphoma risk (OR = 2.56, RR = 1.23).
- Lymphoma risk escalated with AD severity, with severe AD cases exhibiting the highest risk.
- Specific lymphoma subtypes showed elevated risks: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) (RR = 1.54), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (RR = 1.15), and notably T-cell lymphoma (TCL) (OR = 4.25). No significant association was found for B-cell lymphoma.
Conclusions:
- Atopic dermatitis is significantly associated with an elevated risk of developing lymphoma, including HL, NHL, and TCL.
- The severity of atopic dermatitis appears to correlate with an increased lymphoma risk.
- Further research is recommended to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and address current evidence limitations.
