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Structured Light Projection Using Image Guide Fibers for In Situ Photo-biofabrication.

Parth Chansoria1, Michael Winkelbauer1, Shipin Zhang1

  • 1Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering and Biofabrication Group, ETH Zürich, 8093, Switzerland.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
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Summary

A novel Fiber-assisted Structured Light (FaSt-Light) system enables flexible, in situ biofabrication of complex 3D structures. This technology advances tissue engineering by allowing precise control over material crosslinking and cellular guidance for improved grafts.

Keywords:
biofabricationcollagengelatinimage guide fiberin situmultiwavelength

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Light-based biofabrication, particularly structured light projection, enables high-resolution 3D printing for tissue engineering.
  • Current biofabrication methods are largely confined to benchtop devices, limiting application flexibility.
  • There is a need for portable and adaptable biofabrication systems for in situ applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a flexible, portable, and in situ capable light-based biofabrication system.
  • To demonstrate the capability of projecting structured light via fiber optics for precise material crosslinking.
  • To explore the potential for guiding cellular behavior within fabricated structures.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a Fiber-assisted Structured Light (FaSt-Light) apparatus using image-guide fiber bundles.
  • Demonstration of projecting bespoke images at multiple wavelengths for controlled photoinitiation.
  • Utilizing different fiber sizes and lens couplings to achieve variable projection scales (mm to cm).

Main Results:

  • The FaSt-Light system successfully achieved rapid in situ crosslinking of photoresins with controlled resolution and speed.
  • Variable image projection scales were demonstrated, enabling fabrication of both small and large structures.
  • The technique allows for the creation of microfilaments within resins, facilitating cellular infiltration and anisotropic matrix production.

Conclusions:

  • FaSt-Light offers a flexible and spatially controlled approach to light-based biofabrication.
  • This technology overcomes the limitations of benchtop devices, enabling in situ fabrication.
  • The developed method holds significant potential for advancing the translational applications of photofabricated tissues and regenerative medicine grafts.