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Published on: August 31, 2014
Genetic Evolution Between HIV-1 Groups M and O: HIV-1/MO Recombinant Forms
Moisan Alice1, Tombette Fabienne1, Plantier Jean-Christophe1
1Univ Rouen Normandie, Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, CHU Rouen, Department of Virology, National Reference Center of HIV, Rouen, France.
Abstract:
HIV exhibits significant genetic diversity, with genetic recombination being a major evolutionary process. The co-circulation of HIV-1/M and HIV-1/O variants has led to the description of 20 HIV-1/M+O dual infections since 1998. Despite the genetic divergence between these variants, HIV-1/M+O dual infections have resulted in the emergence of HIV-1/MO intergroup recombinant forms, with 20 unique HIV-1/MO recombinant forms (URF_MO) currently described, raising the question of a possible benefit of the recombination and the modalities of their emergence. This review summarized the current knowledge of HIV-1/MO recombinant forms, including their virological and genetic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis, genome profiles, and breakpoints number and location. This study also identified the potential impacts of HIV-1/MO recombination on diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment, as well as the replicative capacity of such recombinants. This review highlighted the greater diversity and complexity of HIV-1/MO recombinants than originally thought, offering new research perspectives on their emergence and virological properties.
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