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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

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Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
The location of esophageal perforation can vary, occurring anywhere along the esophagus....
40
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

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Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
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Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

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Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
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Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway01:25

Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway

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In preparing for oropharyngeal airway suctioning, a nurse must gather all necessary equipment, including a suction unit with tubing, a prepackaged suction kit, sterile gloves, water or saline for irrigation, a water-soluble lubricant, and additional personal protective equipment (such as a gown, mask, and goggles) to control infections.
After assembling the equipment, the nurse should practice hand hygiene and don appropriate PPE according to infection control guidelines to avoid the...
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Tonsillitis II: Management01:26

Tonsillitis II: Management

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This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
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Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

22
Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
22

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Updated: May 9, 2025

Handheld Metal Detector Screening for Metallic Foreign Body Ingestion in Children
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Pediatric Sharp Foreign Body Aspiration: Revealing Unexpected Risk Factors.

Alicia Belaiche1, Trevor A Lewis2, Jakob Pugi2

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|April 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sharp foreign body aspiration (FBA) in children is most commonly caused by thumbtacks, particularly in Indigenous populations. This study highlights unique demographic and clinical features to inform prevention strategies.

Keywords:
aspirationforeign bodypediatricsharp

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Medical Device Safety
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Sharp foreign body aspiration (FBA) in children presents unique challenges.
  • Understanding demographic and clinical features is crucial for effective management and prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the demographic and clinical features of pediatric sharp FBA.
  • To identify common objects and associated risk factors.
  • To inform future prevention programs.

Main Methods:

  • A 24-year retrospective chart review was conducted.
  • Data from pediatric patients undergoing rigid bronchoscopy for sharp FBA across four Canadian tertiary-care centers were analyzed.
  • Inclusion criteria focused on sharp FBA below the vocal cords.

Main Results:

  • 48 pediatric patients (mean age 10.1 years) were included.
  • Thumbtacks were the most frequent aspirated sharp foreign body (66.7%), with a higher incidence in patients from Indigenous territories (89.3%).
  • Symptoms included chest pain (27.1%) and hemoptysis (18.8%); radiopaque objects were common (89.6%). Thumbtacks were associated with most complications.

Conclusions:

  • This study represents the largest pediatric investigation into sharp FBA in the Americas.
  • Geographical and cultural factors may influence the types of sharp FBA in pediatric populations.
  • Findings provide insights for developing targeted prevention programs.