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Unlocking the Skin-Protective Effects of Ferulago spp. Essential Oils: A Focus on Antidermatophytic and Wound-Healing
Ceyda Sibel Kılıç1, Inês Catarino2, Jorge Alves-Silva2,3,4,5
1Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, 06560 Ankara, Türkiye.
Background/Objectives:
Fungal infections have significant health risks due to virulence factors like biofilms that lead to chronic and persistent infections. To decrease associated rates of morbidity and mortality, it is crucial to develop effective antifungal treatments. The present study aims to evaluate the bioactive potential of Ferulago spp. essential oils by assessing their effect on dermatophytes and wound healing, as these fungi are often associated with wound infection.
Methods:
The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal lethal concentration (MLC) of five essential oils were assessed on planktonic dermatophytes and the most promising were used to evaluate their effect on the formation and disruption of biofilms, by quantifying biofilm mass using crystal violet and extracellular matrix deposition using safranin staining. Alterations in fungal morphology were confirmed by optical microscopy and a cell migration assay was used to assess wound-healing capacity.
Results:
Ferulago silaifolia essential oil characterized by high amounts of α-pinene (45.4%) and cis-crysanthenyl acetate (39.1%) was the most active, particularly against Microsporum canis and Trichophyton rubrum (MIC = 50 µg/mL). Regarding biofilm assays, Trichophyton rubrum was the most susceptible strain, with both biofilm mass and extracellular matrix being highly compromised with an evident decrease in hyphal growth and mycelial density. In addition, this essential oil significantly increased fibroblast migration at 25 μg/mL, indicating a wound-healing effect that could prevent systemic infections.
Conclusions:
The present study provides new insights into the treatment of dermatophytosis by highlighting the antivirulent effects of F. silaifolia essential oil and its potential wound-healing properties.
Insights
Ferulago silaifolia essential oil effectively combats fungal biofilms and promotes wound healing. This natural compound shows promise in treating dermatophytosis and preventing infections.
Area of Science:
- Phytochemistry
- Mycology
- Dermatology
Background:
- Fungal infections pose significant health risks, often leading to chronic conditions due to virulence factors like biofilms.
- Developing effective antifungal treatments is crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with these infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the bioactive potential of Ferulago spp. essential oils.
- To assess their impact on dermatophytes and their ability to promote wound healing.
Main Methods:
- Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal lethal concentration (MLC) assays were performed on planktonic dermatophytes.
- Biofilm formation and disruption were quantified using crystal violet and safranin staining.
- Fungal morphology was examined via optical microscopy, and wound-healing capacity was assessed using a cell migration assay.
Main Results:
- Ferulago silaifolia essential oil, rich in α-pinene and cis-crysanthenyl acetate, demonstrated significant activity against Microsporum canis and Trichophyton rubrum (MIC = 50 µg/mL).
- Trichophyton rubrum biofilms were highly susceptible, showing compromised mass and extracellular matrix with reduced hyphal growth.
- The essential oil significantly enhanced fibroblast migration at 25 μg/mL, indicating wound-healing potential.
Conclusions:
- Ferulago silaifolia essential oil exhibits potent antivirulent effects against dermatophytes.
- Its demonstrated wound-healing properties offer potential for treating dermatophytosis and preventing associated systemic infections.
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