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Rabbit-based experimental model for scalp reimplantation: advancing microsurgical training and translational

Rui Sergio Monteiro de Barros1,1, José Maciel Caldas Dos Reis2, Deivid Ramos Dos Santos1,1,2

  • 1Porto Dias Hospital - Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology - Belém (PA) - Brazil.

Acta Cirurgica Brasileira
|April 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a rabbit model for microsurgical scalp reimplantation, demonstrating its high fidelity to human vascular anatomy for surgical training. The model showed promising results in venous return and superficial necrosis resolution post-reimplantation.

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Area of Science:

  • Microsurgery
  • Experimental Surgery
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Scalp defects can result from trauma or oncologic resection.
  • Reconstructive surgery, including scalp reimplantation, is complex.
  • Reliable experimental models are crucial for surgical technique development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a rabbit model for microsurgical scalp reimplantation.
  • To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of this experimental procedure.

Main Methods:

  • Ten New Zealand rabbits underwent surgical amputation and reimplantation of scalp regions, including ears.
  • Microanastomosis was performed on the superficial temporal artery and central auricular vein.
  • Data collected included morphometrics, surgical parameters, and recovery outcomes for 30 days postoperatively.

Main Results:

  • No intraoperative deaths occurred; three rabbits were euthanized due to scalp necrosis.
  • Impaired venous return (3-10 days) and superficial necrosis (starting day 2) showed significant resolution by 14 and 21 days, respectively.
  • Morphometric and surgical parameters did not significantly differ within the sample.

Conclusions:

  • The rabbit model accurately replicates human vascular structures for scalp reimplantation.
  • This model is suitable for training microsurgical techniques in scalp reimplantation.
  • The model demonstrates the potential for successful scalp reimplantation with manageable complications.