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The Phosphorus Cycle

The Phosphorus Cycle

Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2025

Optimized Procedure for Determining the Adsorption of Phosphonates onto Granular Ferric Hydroxide using a Miniaturized Phosphorus Determination Method

Optimized Procedure for Determining the Adsorption of Phosphonates onto Granular Ferric Hydroxide using a Miniaturized Phosphorus Determination Method

Published on: May 18, 2018

Enhancing corn leaf fiber as phosphorus adsorbent material.

Fidelina T Flores^1,2, Gopu Nair¹, Jorge A Guzman¹

¹Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, The Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Water Environment Research : a Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation

|April 29, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a sustainable method using alkali-treated corn leaf fiber to remove dissolved phosphorus from agricultural drainage. Enhancing the fiber with kaolinite clay and calcium carbonate significantly boosted its phosphorus adsorption capacity.

Keywords:

alkali extraction corn leaf fiber kaolinite clay phosphorus adsorption

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Published on: February 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Agricultural Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Dissolved phosphorus (P) from agricultural tile drains causes water pollution and eutrophication.
Sustainable and efficient P removal technologies are needed for agricultural systems.
Agricultural waste valorization offers a potential solution for P management.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the potential of corn leaf fiber as an adsorbent for dissolved phosphorus.
To optimize the alkali extraction of corn leaf fiber.
To enhance the phosphorus adsorption capacity of corn leaf fiber using additives.

Main Methods:

Corn leaves were treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions (5-15%) at varying temperatures (85-95°C) and times (60-120 min) for fiber extraction.
Kaolinite clay and calcium carbonate were incorporated into the extracted fibers to create enhanced adsorbents.
Adsorption tests were conducted to measure phosphate concentration reduction.
Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) was used for material analysis.

Main Results:

Optimal fiber recovery (45.18%) was achieved using 10% NaOH at 85°C for 60 min.
Corn leaf fiber alone reduced phosphate by 8.75% in 60 min.
Enhanced fiber (30% kaolinite clay, 35% calcium carbonate) reduced phosphate by 79.40% in 60 min.
EDXRF confirmed phosphorus presence in the adsorbent post-treatment.

Conclusions:

Alkali-extracted corn leaf fiber is a promising low-cost adsorbent for phosphorus removal.
Enhancement with kaolinite clay and calcium carbonate significantly improves phosphorus adsorption efficiency.
Utilizing agricultural waste for P removal aligns with circular economy principles and sustainable agriculture.