The Effect of Dimple-Based TMJ Design and Its Biomechanical Effect on Reducing Stress

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Engineering
• Orthodontics
• Finite Element Analysis

Background:

• Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders negatively affect orofacial health and patient quality of life.
• Effective interventions for TMJ disorders require improved implant stability and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the design and material modifications of TMJ implants using finite element analysis (FEA).
• To enhance long-term stability and performance of TMJ implants through FEA.

Main Methods:

• Utilized accurate mandible models from CT scans for implant design.
• Created three implant variations: no dimples, 10% dimples, and 20% dimples.
• Assessed Titanium and Ti-Nb-Zr alloys with screw configurations (2-5 screws).

Main Results:

• Three-screw fixation reduced stress by 14.28% in 10% dimple models.
• Dimple implants showed promise in reducing stress, especially in low bone density conditions.
• The three-screw fixation model exhibited the least stress for both titanium and zirconium alloys.

Conclusions:

• Implant dimples modulate stress levels and may facilitate bone ingrowth and stability.
• Optimized screw fixation and dimple design are crucial for TMJ implant success.
• Findings offer insights for advancing TMJ implantology and clinical outcomes.