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Published on: December 20, 2024
Fracture resistance of a second generation of zirconia implants after artificial ageing: An in vitro study
Arne-Eric Kuhlmey1, Jamila Yassine1, Franziska Schmidt1
1Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
Objectives:
The aim of this study was to determine the bending moments of a further developed generation of a one-piece zirconia implant system, which, for example, has a reduced diameter in the neck area compared to the predecessor model.
Methods:
A total of 48 one-piece ceramic implants with diameters of 3.6 mm and 4.1 mm were included. After preparation of the abutments of 50 % of the implants, 32 out of the 48 implants were subjected to artificial ageing in a chewing simulator (Force: 98 N; 1.2 or 5 million loading cycles; thermocyclicing: 5 °C / 55 °C). The implants were then subjected to static loading until fracture in order to determine the maximum load forces to calculate the bending moments.
Results:
Implants tested after 1.2 million loading cycles exhibited the highest bending moments (3.6 mm diameter without abutment preparation: 496.1 ± 50.6 Ncm; 3.6 mm diameter with abutment preparation: 507.9 ± 53.5 Ncm; 4.1 mm diameter without abutment preparation: 612.5 ± 49.0 Ncm; 4.1 mm diameter with abutment preparation: 656.9 ± 26.8 Ncm). In contrast, unloaded implants showed the lowest values (3.6 mm diameter without abutment preparation: 443.0 ± 38.6 Ncm; 3.6 mm diameter with abutment preparation: 436.1 ± 42.8 Ncm; 4.1 mm diameter without abutment preparation: 570.3 ± 64.8 Ncm; 4.1 mm diameter with abutment preparation: 560.9 ± 51.5 Ncm), while implants subjected to 5 million cycles of loading showed bending moment values between these two groups.
Conclusions:
Within the limits of the present study, preparation of the abutment did not appear to have a negative effect on stability. Also, artificial ageing did not seem to have a negative effect on the fracture resistance; a possible negative effect on the bending moment would have to be investigated with >5 million loading cycles. The measured maximum fracture loads were generally higher than the masticatory forces described in the literature.
Clinical Significance:
The investigated zirconia implants seem to be a viable alternative to titanium implants.
