Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...

Testes: Histology

Testes: Histology

A tough, fibrous membrane, the tunica albuginea, covers the testes, extending inward to form fibrous partitions or septa, dividing them into internal compartments called lobules. Each lobule has 1 to 3 tightly coiled seminiferous tubules where sperm production occurs. These tubules merge into a tubular network at the back of the testis, known as the rete testis. It connects to 15 to 20 efferent ductules, leading to the epididymis.
The spermatogenic cells, responsible for producing sperm, are...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

PCP protein Prickle 1 regulates Sertoli cell and testis function via cytoskeletal organization through the recruitment of multiple regulatory proteins.

American journal of physiology. Cell physiology·2025

Same author

scRNA-Seq-Based Transcriptome Profiling and Relevant Bioinformatics Approaches to Uncover Novel Insights in Studying Human Spermatogenesis.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2025

Same author

Interacting Fat1 and Dchs Planar Cell Polarity Proteins Supported by Fjx1 Serve as Heterodimeric Intercellular Bridges Crucial to Support Spermatogenesis.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2025

Same author

Microtubule-Associated Proteins (MAPs) Are Multifunctional Cytoskeletal Proteins in the Testis That Regulate Spermatogenesis.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2025

Same author

Katanin regulatory subunit B1 (KATNB1) regulates BTB dynamics through changes in cytoskeletal organization.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·2024

Same author

Editorial: Analyzing male reproductive risk, understanding molecular targets, and developing treatments.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2025

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Published on: October 12, 2018

Testis Is a Sanctuary Site for HIV-1.

Nancy P Y Chung¹, C Yan Cheng²

¹Department of Biological Sciences, New York City College of Technology, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

|April 29, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) exploits the blood-testis barrier to hide from antiviral drugs. Future studies may target this barrier to eradicate the virus in the testes.

Keywords:

Blood-testis barrier HIV Highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART)Reservoir Testis

More Related Videos

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Published on: July 6, 2014

Isolation of Sertoli Cells and Peritubular Cells from Rat Testes

Isolation of Sertoli Cells and Peritubular Cells from Rat Testes

Published on: February 8, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2025

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Published on: October 12, 2018

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples

Published on: July 6, 2014

Isolation of Sertoli Cells and Peritubular Cells from Rat Testes

Isolation of Sertoli Cells and Peritubular Cells from Rat Testes

Published on: February 8, 2016

Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Reproductive Biology

Background:

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) establishes persistent infections, with certain anatomical sites acting as viral reservoirs.
The testes are recognized as a potential sanctuary site for HIV-1, protected by the blood-testis barrier (BTB).
Understanding the mechanisms of viral sanctuary is crucial for developing effective eradication strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent findings on how HIV-1 utilizes the testis as a sanctuary site.
To elucidate the role of the blood-testis barrier in protecting HIV-1 from antiviral drugs.
To explore potential strategies for eradicating the viral reservoir in the testes.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on HIV-1 pathogenesis and the blood-testis barrier.
Analysis of mechanisms governing the permeability and function of the blood-testis barrier.
Comparative analysis with similar barrier systems, such as the blood-brain barrier.

Main Results:

The blood-testis barrier effectively limits the penetration of antiviral drugs into the testicular tissue.
HIV-1 likely employs specific mechanisms to maintain its presence within the sanctuary site of the testes.
The BTB's regulation of tight junctions may share similarities with the blood-brain barrier.

Conclusions:

The testes serve as a sanctuary for HIV-1 due to the protective nature of the blood-testis barrier.
Targeting the BTB could be a viable strategy for future functional studies aimed at viral eradication.
Insights gained from studying the BTB may inform strategies for clearing viral reservoirs in other sanctuary sites like the brain.