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Physical Function Differences by COVID-19 Status: A Cross-sectional Analysis From the RECOVER Adult Cohort
Grace L Kulik Née Ditzenberger1, Tianyu Zheng2, Sarah E Jolley1
1Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
Physical Therapy
|April 30, 2025
Summary
Persistent physical function impairment after COVID-19 was minimal in the RECOVER cohort. Objective assessments showed small differences between groups, suggesting individualized evaluations are crucial for rehabilitation planning.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Persistent limitations are common in adults post-SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- Objective physical function impairment beyond 3 months post-COVID-19 requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize and compare physical function in adults with and without a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- To assess the impact of recent versus remote COVID-19 on objective physical function.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) initiative.
- Participants (adults ≥18 years) categorized into never diagnosed, recent COVID-19 (≤12 weeks), or remote COVID-19 (>12 weeks).
- Physical function measured by 30-second sit-to-stand test (30STS) repetitions.
Main Results:
- 11,578 participants' 30STS data analyzed.
- Lowest repetitions observed in the remote COVID-19 group (11.5 ± 4.2), compared to controls (12.5 ± 4.7) and recent COVID-19 (12.2 ± 4.5).
- Remote COVID-19 was associated with slightly lower function (-0.61 repetitions); Long COVID Index ≥12 also showed fewer repetitions (-1.6).
Conclusions:
- Clinically meaningful differences in physical function were not observed between COVID-19 status groups or by Long COVID Index.
- Small overall differences suggest that individual patient responses and longitudinal tracking are more relevant for assessing impairment.
- Personalized assessments are essential for guiding rehabilitation interventions post-COVID-19.
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