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Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Oxo berberine Compound in Arcangelisia flava Root Extract for Breast Cancer
Roihatul Mutiah1, Syayida Roisatus Zahiro2, Torikhotul Jauharotun Nafisah1
1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, East Java, Indonesia.
Objective:
Chemotherapy treatments for breast cancer often entail side effects and drug resistance. Arcangelisia flava root extract (AFRE) shows potential as an anti-cancer agent, but understanding its compounds and mechanisms against breast cancer remains limited. This study aims to identify potential compounds in AFRE and shed light on its actions against breast cancer.
Methods:
Compounds in AFRE were identified via LC-MS/MS. ADMET software evaluated absorption and bioavailability. Molecular anti-cancer mechanisms were predicted using network pharmacology with tools like Cytoscape, GeneCards, Disgenet, STRING, GO, KEGG pathways, and SRplot. Interaction between oxo berberine and key breast cancer receptors was analyzed through molecular docking with PyRx Autodock Vina and Biovia Discovery Studio. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT method on T47D cells, and flow cytometry evaluated the potential to inhibit the cell cycle and induce apoptosis.
Result:
A total of 16 active compounds were identified through LC-MS/MS, with oxo berberine being the most abundant at 41.43%. Importantly, it exhibited anti-cancer properties by interacting with 84 genes and affecting 13 signaling pathways related to breast cancer. We found that oxo berberine had a stronger negative binding affinity with PI3KCA, TP53, BCL2, CDK1, EGFR, and MAPK14 than the native ligand, which was supported by molecular docking results. In vitro validation supported these results even more, showing that AFRE treatment caused more T47D cells to die (36.6%) than the control and doxorubicin, as well as more cells to gather in the G1 phase.
Conclusion:
In summary, this evidence highlights the potent anti-cancer effects of oxo berberine in AFRE against breast cancer.
Insights
Arcangelisia flava root extract (AFRE) contains oxo berberine, a potent compound against breast cancer. This study identified its anti-cancer mechanisms and confirmed its efficacy in inhibiting cancer cell growth and inducing apoptosis.
Area of Science:
- Phytochemistry
- Pharmacology
- Computational Biology
Background:
- Breast cancer chemotherapy faces challenges like side effects and drug resistance.
- Arcangelisia flava root extract (AFRE) shows promise as an anti-cancer agent, but its active compounds and mechanisms are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify active compounds in AFRE.
- To elucidate the anti-cancer mechanisms of AFRE against breast cancer.
- To evaluate the efficacy of AFRE in breast cancer cells.
Main Methods:
- Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for compound identification.
- Network pharmacology and molecular docking for mechanism prediction and receptor interaction analysis.
- MTT assay and flow cytometry for in vitro cytotoxicity, cell cycle, and apoptosis evaluation.
Main Results:
- Sixteen active compounds were identified in AFRE, with oxo berberine being the most abundant.
- Oxo berberine demonstrated significant interactions with key breast cancer genes and pathways.
- In vitro studies showed AFRE effectively induced T47D cell death and G1 phase arrest.
Conclusions:
- Oxo berberine in AFRE exhibits potent anti-cancer properties against breast cancer.
- AFRE represents a potential natural therapeutic agent for breast cancer treatment.
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