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Understanding How Persons With Maternal Opioid Use Disorder Experience Public Food Assistance Programs WIC and SNAP.

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Families with opioid use disorder (OUD) face significant food insecurity barriers despite federal aid. Addressing these challenges is crucial for maternal and child health and recovery support.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Maternal Health
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • The opioid epidemic and food insecurity crises disproportionately affect pregnant individuals and parents with opioid use disorder (OUD).
  • Limited research explores the experiences of pregnant individuals and parents with OUD regarding food assistance programs.
  • Understanding these experiences is vital for improving services, reducing stigma, and ensuring culturally relevant food assistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate food access and nutritional needs of pregnant individuals and parents undergoing OUD treatment.
  • To identify challenges and limitations within current food assistance programs for this population.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative study utilizing focus group discussions.
  • 24 participants (≥18 years) who were parents, received food assistance, and were in OUD treatment.

Main Results:

  • Key themes included risky behaviors for food access, challenges with Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) enrollment/support, and the impact of food insecurity on maternal/family health and OUD recovery.
  • Participants reported difficulties with food shopping and concerns regarding breastfeeding support.
  • The end of Emergency Allotments presented significant challenges.

Conclusions:

  • Families affected by maternal OUD encounter substantial barriers to nutritional equity, despite existing federal programs.
  • These barriers exacerbate challenges faced by families with OUD, impacting overall family health.
  • Addressing these issues is critical for improving health outcomes and supporting recovery for this vulnerable population.