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Serological Surveillance and Risk Factor Analysis for Parrot Bornavirus in Taiwan.
Jing-Yuan Chen1, Meng-Chi Wu1, Zih-Syun Fang1
1Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
|April 30, 2025
Summary
Parrot bornavirus (PaBV) surveillance in Taiwan revealed a 25.68% seropositivity rate, with alphapsittaciforme PaBV predominating. Two new diagnostic methods, immunoblotting and immunocytochemical staining, proved robust for disease control in psittacine aviculture.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Avian Pathology
- Disease Surveillance
Background:
- Parrots are globally traded, posing risks for disease transmission, including parrot bornavirus (PaBV).
- PaBV causes proventricular dilatation disease in all parrot species, with transmission routes poorly understood.
- Effective disease control and psittacine aviculture improvement necessitate PaBV surveillance in parrots.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish and validate serological diagnostic methods for PaBV detection.
- To determine the prevalence and risk factors of PaBV infection in parrots in Taiwan.
- To enhance understanding of PaBV epidemiology for conservation and protection efforts.
Main Methods:
- Development and validation of immunoblotting (IB) and immunocytochemical staining (ICC) using PaBV-4 and PaBV-5 strains.
- Serological surveillance of 370 clinical parrot serum samples collected over one year.
- Risk factor analysis and Cohen's kappa coefficient for diagnostic agreement.
Main Results:
- A seropositivity rate of 25.68% was detected among surveyed parrots.
- Alphapsittaciforme PaBV accounted for 91.58% of seropositive cases, indicating clade predominance.
- High agreement (kappa = 0.975) between IB and ICC methods confirmed their reliability.
Conclusions:
- Established IB and ICC are robust tools for PaBV serological surveillance.
- PaBV infection is prevalent in Taiwan parrots, with alphapsittaciforme clade dominance.
- Understanding risk factors aids in developing strategies for parrot population conservation and protection.
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