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A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
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The Effect of COVID-19 on Type 1 Diabetes Occurrence among Children and Adolescents: A Multicenter Prospective

Noah Gruber1,2, Liat Brand1,2, Ehud Barhod3

  • 1Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.

Pediatric Diabetes
|April 30, 2025
PubMed

Insights

This study found no link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and new-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children. Further research is needed to understand long-term effects of the pandemic on pediatric T1D incidence.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children remains unclear.
  • Investigating potential links between viral infections and autoimmune diseases like T1D is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if there is an association between SARS-CoV-2 infection seroprevalence and the occurrence of T1D in pediatric populations.
  • To analyze distinct anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses in children with new-onset T1D compared to a control group.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter prospective observational cohort study involving children with new-onset T1D and a control group (1:3 ratio).
  • Assessment of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (anti-S, anti-N, neutralizing antibodies) in both groups.
  • Comparison of antibody seroprevalence and association with glycemic parameters and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Main Results:

  • No increased seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was found in children with new-onset T1D compared to controls.
  • A higher anti-S seroprevalence was observed in T1D patients without DKA, but this was not statistically significant after adjusting for vaccination status.
  • No significant differences in anti-N or neutralizing antibodies were found between DKA and non-DKA groups, nor were antibodies associated with glycemic parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Current findings do not support a direct association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the incidence of T1D in children and adolescents.
  • Longitudinal epidemiological studies are recommended to evaluate potential delayed autoimmune responses and changes in T1D incidence post-pandemic.
Abstract

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