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Serum sST2, IL-33, and Hcy Expression in Older Adults Patients with Myocardial Infarction and Their Predictive Value
Liu-Chang Zheng1, Fang Liu2, Pei-Ming Zheng1
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.
Insights
Elevated levels of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), interleukin-33 (IL-33), and homocysteine (Hcy) predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Combined testing improves risk prediction for this vulnerable group.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biomarker Research
- Geriatric Medicine
Background:
- Elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) face high risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
- Early revascularization does not fully mitigate MACE risk in this population.
- Identifying reliable predictors for MACE is crucial for improved patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between serum levels of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), interleukin-33 (IL-33), and homocysteine (Hcy) and coronary stenosis severity in elderly AMI patients.
- To evaluate the predictive value of these biomarkers for MACE in this demographic.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 143 elderly AMI patients.
- Serum sST2, IL-33, and Hcy levels measured by ELISA.
- Coronary stenosis assessed using Gensini score.
- Statistical analysis included correlation, logistic regression, and ROC curve analysis.
Main Results:
- Higher sST2, IL-33, and Hcy levels were observed in patients experiencing MACE.
- Biomarker levels positively correlated with coronary stenosis severity.
- sST2, IL-33, and Hcy were identified as independent risk factors for MACE.
- Combined detection of the three biomarkers significantly improved MACE prediction (AUC=0.910).
Conclusions:
- Serum sST2, IL-33, and Hcy levels are significantly associated with coronary stenosis severity and MACE in elderly AMI patients.
- These biomarkers serve as independent predictors of MACE.
- Combined assessment of sST2, IL-33, and Hcy offers a promising strategy for enhanced risk stratification and management of elderly AMI patients.
Objective:
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the elderly is associated with high morbidity and mortality, with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) remaining a major concern despite early revascularization. This study aimed to evaluate the association of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), interleukin-33 (IL-33), and homocysteine (Hcy) with coronary stenosis severity and their predictive value for MACE in elderly AMI patients.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 143 elderly AMI patients (≥65 years) admitted between June 2022 and June 2024. Patients were divided into two groups based on MACE occurrence: Group A (no MACE, n=56) and Group B (MACE, n=87). Serum sST2, IL-33, and Hcy levels were measured using ELISA, and coronary stenosis severity was assessed using the Gensini score. Statistical analyses included Spearman correlation, multivariate logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate predictive performance.
Results:
Serum sST2, IL-33, and Hcy levels were significantly higher in the MACE group compared to the non-MACE group (72.37±10.68 vs 38.76±11.15, p<0.05; 60.61±10.89 vs 33.74±11.23, p<0.05; 32.76±4.15 vs 15.38±4.62, p<0.05, respectively). Biomarker levels positively correlated with coronary stenosis severity (sST2: r=0.647, p<0.05; IL-33: r=0.659, p<0.05; Hcy: r=0.582, p<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression confirmed that sST2 (OR=1.056, 95% CI: 1.015-1.094, p=0.005), IL-33 (OR=1.069, 95% CI: 1.024-2.016, p=0.001), and Hcy (OR=1.037, 95% CI: 1.008-1.077, p=0.033) were independent risk factors for MACE. ROC analysis showed that sST2, IL-33, and Hcy had AUCs of 0.841 (95% CI: 0.762-0.915, p<0.001), 0.803 (95% CI: 0.724-0.878, p<0.001), and 0.729 (95% CI: 0.642-0.812, p<0.001), respectively. Combined detection of all three biomarkers significantly improved MACE prediction (AUC=0.910, 95% CI: 0.851-0.956, p<0.001).
Conclusion:
Serum sST2, IL-33, and Hcy levels are positively correlated with coronary stenosis severity and independently associated with MACE in elderly AMI patients. Their combined detection significantly enhances MACE prediction, providing a potential strategy for improved risk stratification and management in this high-risk population.
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