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Control of Cell Geometry through Infrared Laser Assisted Micropatterning

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High-Resolution Patterned Delivery of Chemical Signals From 3D-Printed Picoliter Droplet Networks.

Jorin Riexinger¹, Thomas Caganek^1,2, Xingzao Wang¹

¹Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|April 30, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed 3D-printed picoliter droplet networks for precise spatial and temporal control of gene expression in bacterial populations. This synthetic cell system enables patterned chemical signaling for applications in biology and medicine.

Keywords:

3D printing antimicrobial agent droplet interface bilayers (DIBs)droplet network gene expression nanopore patterning synthetic tissue

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Area of Science:

Synthetic Biology
Biotechnology
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Synthetic cells like giant unilamellar vesicles can signal and control target cells.
Current limitations include poor spatial/temporal resolution and inability to deliver patterned signals.

Purpose of the Study:

To engineer 3D-printed picoliter droplet networks for precise control of gene expression in bacterial populations.
To achieve spatial and temporal control over chemical signal release for targeted cellular regulation.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of 3D-printed picoliter droplet networks.
Utilizing network shrinkage for spatial control of gene expression (≈50 µm resolution).
Demonstrating storage and controlled temporal release of chemical signals.

Main Results:

Patterned release of chemical signals from droplet networks directed bacterial gene expression.
Achieved spatial control over gene expression with high resolution.
Demonstrated temporal control over signal release and regulation of bacterial competition via bacteriocin expression.

Conclusions:

3D-printed picoliter droplet networks offer precise spatial and temporal control over chemical signaling.
This system provides a foundation for applications in fundamental biology and medicine requiring controlled chemical gradients.
Enables local control of gene expression within target cell populations.