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Rhizosphere-colonizing bacteria persist in the protist microbiome.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Plant Science
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Soil protists are diverse predators influencing rhizosphere bacteria.
  • Protists host their own bacterial microbiomes.
  • Previous work showed plants inoculated with protists had similar rhizosphere bacteria to the protist inoculum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how protist microbiomes affect the rhizosphere.
  • To profile bacteria associated with eight diverse rhizosphere protist isolates.
  • To compare protist culture microbiomes with maize rhizosphere communities post-inoculation.

Main Methods:

  • Cultured eight diverse rhizosphere protist isolates for two years.
  • Sequenced and profiled bacterial communities within protist cultures.
  • Compared protist-associated bacteria with maize rhizosphere bacterial communities six weeks after protist inoculation.

Main Results:

  • Protist inoculation enriched 13 bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) in the maize rhizosphere, comprising ~10% of the community.
  • A median of 47% of the protist microbiome was highly abundant or enriched in the rhizosphere.
  • Three of eight protist cultures positively impacted root biomass, but a mixture did not, indicating context-dependent effects.
  • Protist-associated bacteria exhibited varied effects on protist growth in culture.

Conclusions:

  • Rhizosphere protist cultures, even after long-term lab cultivation, host bacteria capable of colonizing maize rhizospheres.
  • Diverse bacteria persist in protist cultures, suggesting protists may support their survival in soil ecosystems.
  • These findings identify key rhizosphere-colonizing bacteria associated with protists, with potential applications in sustainable agriculture.