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Artificial Intelligence in Spine Surgery: Imaging-Based Applications for Diagnosis and Surgical Techniques
James S MacLeod1,2, Tyler Compton3, Yianni Bakaes3,4
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University, 259 E Erie St, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. james.macleod@northwestern.edu.
Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine
|April 30, 2025
Summary
Artificial intelligence (AI) enhances spine surgery by improving diagnostic accuracy and robotic-assisted procedures. AI imaging offers 3D visualization, reduces radiation, and aids in identifying fractures, stenosis, and cancers, optimizing patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
- Spine Surgery
Background:
- Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into healthcare.
- Novel AI applications aim to enhance patient care and healthcare efficiency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent literature on AI imaging technologies in spine surgery.
- To investigate AI's influence on spine surgical practice and diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of AI imaging applications in spine surgery.
- Analysis of AI's impact on diagnosis and surgical procedures.
Main Results:
- Robotic-assisted pedicle screw placement shows improved accuracy but increased operative time.
- AI imaging creates 3D spine models, reduces radiation exposure, and reliably identifies vertebral fractures, stenosis, and cancers.
- AI integration in spine surgery enhances diagnostic and surgical efficiency, aids trainee learning, and improves outcomes.
Conclusions:
- AI-based imaging technologies show significant potential in spine surgery.
- AI can enhance diagnostic capabilities, surgical precision, and patient outcomes in complex spinal procedures.
