Oncobiomics: Leveraging Microbiome Translational Research in Immuno-Oncology for Clinical-Practice Changes

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Microbiology
• Immunology
• Metabolism

Background:

• Cancer is increasingly recognized as linked to host metaorganism functional defects, including gut dysbiosis.
• The human microbiota critically influences gut barrier function, host metabolism, and anti-cancer immune responses.
• International collaborations like ONCOBIOME are vital for advancing microbiome research and biomarker discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the complex interplay between the microbiome, host metabolism, and cancer immunity.
• To propose novel microbiota-based strategies for cancer prevention and treatment.

Main Methods:

• Review of current scientific literature on microbiome, metabolism, and cancer.
• Analysis of the role of gut dysbiosis in cancer development and progression.
• Discussion of international research network contributions.

Main Results:

• The gut microbiome significantly impacts epithelial barrier integrity, metabolism, and systemic immunity.
• Microbiota dysbiosis is a key factor in cancer pathogenesis.
• Microbiota-derived biomarkers and therapies offer potential for improved cancer outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Viewing cancer beyond genetics, incorporating microbiome-based approaches, is crucial.
• Targeting the microbiome presents a promising avenue for enhancing cancer prevention and treatment strategies.
• Further research and collaborative efforts are needed to fully leverage the microbiome's potential in oncology.