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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Synthesis, Cellular Delivery and In vivo Application of Dendrimer-based pH Sensors

Synthesis, Cellular Delivery and In vivo Application of Dendrimer-based pH Sensors

Published on: September 10, 2013

A pH-Responsive Dendritic-DNA-Based Nanohydrogel for Dual Drug Delivery.

Jing Zhao^1,2, Jingyuan Wu³, Yiqi Fan^1,2

¹Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.

|April 30, 2025

Summary

This study introduces a novel DNA nanohydrogel for co-delivering doxorubicin and gene-silencing oligonucleotides. This stimuli-responsive system precisely releases drugs in the tumor microenvironment, enhancing combined chemo-gene cancer therapy.

Keywords:

chemotherapy dual treatments gene silencing nanohydrogels stimulus-responsive nanomaterials targeted delivery

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Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive Nanogels using Aqueous One-step Crosslinking and Co-nanopolymerization

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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Synthesis, Cellular Delivery and In vivo Application of Dendrimer-based pH Sensors

Synthesis, Cellular Delivery and In vivo Application of Dendrimer-based pH Sensors

Published on: September 10, 2013

Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release

Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release

Published on: February 13, 2016

Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive Nanogels using Aqueous One-step Crosslinking and Co-nanopolymerization

Synthesis of Stimuli-responsive Nanogels using Aqueous One-step Crosslinking and Co-nanopolymerization

Published on: January 24, 2025

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Nanomedicine
Molecular Biology

Background:

Developing multifunctional drug delivery systems for precise drug release is challenging.
Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers are crucial for targeted cancer therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

To design a stimuli-responsive dendritic-DNA-based nanohydrogel for co-delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) and antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs).
To achieve dual therapeutic effects through chemo-gene therapy for enhanced cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

Constructed biocompatible and programmable DNA nanohydrogels using dendritic DNA with crosslinking and loading branches.
Incorporated a shielding DNA/ASO complex and encapsulated DOX for a chemo-gene co-delivery platform.
Utilized pH sensitivity of C-rich sequences and toehold-mediated strand displacement (TMSD) for controlled release.

Main Results:

The nanocarrier demonstrated efficient co-delivery of DOX and ASOs.
The system disassembled in the acidic tumor microenvironment, releasing both therapeutic agents.
Cellular studies showed significantly enhanced cancer cell inhibition compared to single-agent treatments, indicating strong combined effects.

Conclusions:

This study presents a novel strategy for tumor-microenvironment-responsive co-delivery systems.
The developed nanohydrogel enables precise, on-demand release of therapeutic agents for enhanced combined chemo-gene therapy.