Rectal Perforation Induced by Taenia saginata: A Case Report

Taenia saginata, commonly known as the beef tapeworm, is a prevalent zoonotic cestode with an estimated global prevalence of 60-70 million carriers. This parasite is frequently located in the gastrointestinal tract, and previous reports have described complications such as acute appendicitis, Meckel's diverticulitis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, liver abscess, intestinal obstruction, and perforation. Intestinal perforation due to parasitic diseases is a rare complication. Surgical complications associated with T. saginata are uncommon, with few reported cases of bowel perforation. Here, we present the case of a 69-year-old female who was admitted to the emergency department with acute abdominal symptoms. She had experienced abdominal pain and vomiting for 15 days. Her symptoms were accompanied by abdominal distension, reduced bowel movements, and loss of appetite. On physical examination, she had diffuse abdominal tenderness, guarding, and rebound tenderness, raising suspicion of peritonitis. Laboratory tests revealed a white blood cell count of 8,000/mm³ and an elevated C-reactive protein level of 501 mg/L, indicating an ongoing inflammatory response. Imaging revealed free intra-abdominal air and fluid, suggesting gastrointestinal perforation. During emergency surgery, a perforation in the upper rectum was identified and resected. Pathological examination confirmed the presence of T. saginata eggs in the intestinal wall. Postoperatively, the patient recovered well and was discharged on the sixth day. This case underscores the need for heightened awareness of parasitic infections as potential causes of acute abdominal conditions. Proper diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention are crucial in managing complications associated with T. saginata. Preventive measures, including thorough cooking of beef and improved sanitation, are essential to reduce the incidence of such infections.