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Declaring racism a public health crisis
Claire Laurier Decoteau1, Cal Lee Garrett2, Tirza Ochrach-Konradi1
1University of Illinois at Chicago, 1007 W Harrison St (MC 312), Chicago, IL, 60607, United States.
Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|April 30, 2025
Summary
Local governments declared racism a public health crisis, expanding public health governance. However, this shift often fails to address racial and health inequalities effectively on the ground.
Area of Science:
- Public Health Policy
- Sociology of Health
- Health Governance
Background:
- Since 2019, US local governments have declared racism a public health crisis, accelerating post-COVID-19.
- These resolutions acknowledge systemic racism but often lack impactful on-the-ground changes in health equity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the impact of racism declarations on public health governance.
- To examine how these declarations reshape public health authority and programming.
Main Methods:
- Comparative case study analysis of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and Chicago, Illinois.
- Application of biopower and stratified biomedicalization theories.
Main Results:
- Declarations expand public health authority across government domains, increasing biomedicalization and economization of services.
- Public health departments transition to policy strategists, focusing on organizational bias reduction and community devolution.
- This shift results in an uneven public health response, neglecting lived experiences of racism.
Conclusions:
- The biomedicalization of racism via governmental declarations leads to a fragmented public health approach.
- Meaningful change in racial and health inequalities requires addressing the lived realities of racism beyond policy shifts.
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