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Association between brain resting-state functional activities and obesity: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization

Zhaoyi Chen¹, Jinkun Wang², Tianli Lyu¹

¹Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing 100010, China.

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN

|April 30, 2025

Summary

Genetic analysis shows body weight influences brain activity and vice versa. This study clarifies the causal link between obesity and functional brain changes, particularly in visual and default mode networks.

Keywords:

Brain resting-state functional activities Mendelian randomization Obesity

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Genetics
Public Health

Background:

Obesity and overweight are linked to altered brain activity patterns.
The causal direction between body weight and brain function is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the bidirectional causal relationship between body weight and brain functional activity using genetic data.

Main Methods:

A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study was performed.
Genome-wide association study data for 191 functional brain imaging phenotypes and obesity traits were analyzed.
Multiple statistical methods including inverse variance weighting and MR Egger were used, with pleiotropy and heterogeneity analyses.

Main Results:

Increased spontaneous brain activity in visual network regions (calcarine, lingual, cuneus) causally affects body weight.
Body weight causally affects spontaneous brain activity in default mode and central executive network regions (precuneus, angular, cingulate, temporal gyri).

Conclusions:

This study provides genetic evidence for a causal relationship between body weight and brain functional activity.
Findings highlight specific brain networks and regions involved in this bidirectional relationship.